India Takes a Quantum Leap in Astrophysics with the Launch of its First Dedicated X-ray Polarimeter Satellite
Bengaluru, NFAPost: The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is poised to launch XPoSat, India’s inaugural X-ray Polarimeter Satellite, aboard the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV). Originally scheduled for December 28, the launch has been rescheduled for January 1, marking a crucial milestone in India’s foray into astrophysical exploration.
Mission Objectives: Decoding the Enigmatic Universe
XPoSat, designed for a five-year mission, is armed with two cutting-edge scientific payloads to unravel the mysteries of the cosmos. The primary instrument, POLIX (Polarimeter Instrument in X-rays), will meticulously measure polarization parameters, including degree and angle, within the 8-30 keV range, shedding light on the behaviour of intense X-ray sources. Complementing this, the XSPECT (X-ray Spectroscopy and Timing) payload will provide spectroscopic information spanning 0.8 to 15 keV, enabling a detailed analysis of energy levels in cosmic X-ray sources.
Significance of the Mission: Peering into Celestial Powerhouses
XPoSat’s mission goes beyond conventional space-based observatories, delving into the intricate physics of celestial powerhouses like black holes, neutron stars, active galaxies, and pulsar wind nebulae. These enigmatic sources emit high-energy X-ray radiation due to intense gravitational forces or energetic processes, posing a complex puzzle for astronomers.
Unravelling the Cosmic Tapestry: Polarimetry’s Role
Polarimetry, the measurement of polarization, emerges as a crucial tool in deciphering the emission processes in these astronomical phenomena. The mission’s unique approach involves observing X-ray sources during the spacecraft’s passage through Earth’s shadow, particularly during the eclipse, enhancing the precision of measurements.
Conclusion: A Giant Leap for Indian Astrophysics
As XPoSat embarks on its journey into the cosmic unknown, India solidifies its position in astrophysical research. The insights gained from this mission promise to reshape our understanding of the universe, marking a pivotal moment in the nation’s scientific endeavours.